Fundamentals of Aerodynamics: Fourth Edition New York, NY : McGraw-Hill, 2007 | It is one of the most important dimensionless numbers in fluid dynamics and is used, usually along with other dimensionless numbers, to provide a criterion for determining dynamic similitude |
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Ignoring these forces in certain conditions allows a to be treated like an | without any definite shape or volume that are in more or less random motion |
This approximation is more suitable for applications in engineering although simpler models can be used to produce a "ball-park" range as to where the real solution should lie.
For most applications, such a detailed analysis is excessive | The volume of the balloon in the video shrinks when the trapped gas particles slow down with the addition of extremely cold nitrogen |
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This factor represents the ratio of actual to ideal specific volumes | For gases, the density can vary over a wide range because the particles are free to move closer together when constrained by pressure or volume |
It can also be used to characterize the flow.
As a gas is heated, the particles speed up and its temperature rises | The classical example of this is a |
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The temperature of any is related to the motions of the particles molecules and atoms which make up the [gas] system | The absence of these internal transfers is what is referred to as ideal conditions in which the energy exchange occurs only at the boundaries of the system |
This layer of particles is called the boundary layer.
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